Summary 

The use of renewable energy resources has great importance in the modern world. Population growth and technological development are leading to growth in demand for energy resources. Renewable energy can be continuously used and replenished from natural regenerative or natural environmental processes: wind, sun, and biofuels. It is often confronted with non-renewable sources, such as coal and fossil fuels, which take longer to produce. Renewable energy uses energy flows, which are filled with the same tempo, that was used. About 13% of primary energy derives from renewable energy sources, most come from traditional biomass such as wood burning. Hydropower is also one of the largest sources, providing 2-3%, while modern technologies such as geothermal, wind, solar and marine energy all together generate less than 1% of total world energy demand, but the fact is that it is growing rapidly.

Renewable energy sources derive in many forms, out of all the most popular is Solar Energy. Solar energy can be used in two ways, first - it can be converted into heat, and second – can be converted directly into electricity.

The second form of renewable energy source is Wind Energy. Its adoption and usage began at the end of the 19th century, although the earliest evidence of its use is found in Persia between 500-900 BC. Nowadays, wind energy is received by the wind turbines, its working mechanism is analogous to a mill, when the wind speeds up, electricity is generated by the movement of the turbines. When the wind speed is higher, more electricity is generated, that’s why wind turbines are found in highland areas or in places where there is a constant breeze. According to recent studies, China is the world leader in the use of wind power.

The other source of renewable energy is Geothermal Energy, the Earth stores a huge amount of energy that arises from the dissolution of minerals. Many of them are radioactive in nature and emit large amounts of heat. Such heat is released from the cracks of the earth. That’s why is used the thermal ventilation facilities, which emit hot steam and boiling water. A similar type of hole can be used for the production of renewable electricity sources.

One of the sources of renewable energy is Biomass Energy. Biomass is the energy derived from living organisms, animals and plants. The energy stored in plants is dissolution during photosynthesis. Thus, biomass plants can decompose large amounts of raw materials, as raw materials can be used as a waste of rotten plants, crops, vegetables and wood. As a result of the decomposition of organic matter, is obtained biogas, which is used as fuel, a similar type of gas is well extracted from swampy areas. Such organic substances are also produced in landfills.

Another source of renewable energy remains Wave Energy, which is an ocean-based renewable energy source. The wave energy is used to generate electricity, wave power plants work like hydropower plants, although to build such power plants is technologically expensive. Wave energy is actually a concentrated form of solar energy, which is generated by the action of wind on the surface of the oceans, thus, it is used as a source of renewable energy.

The prospects for the use of renewable energy sources in Georgia are quite large. In case of maximum consumption of the water resources which are available in our country the population will be able to consume at a lower cost, or completely refuse to consume non-renewable sources. As a result, energy independence will increase and the ecological condition of the country will be improved.

Keywords: Renewable Energy, Ecology, Electricity;